The annual amount of water that can be taken from a source of supply over a period of years without depleting that source beyond its ability to be naturally refilled.

The presence of soluble minerals in water.

Sand filtration is a frequently used and very robust method to remove suspended solids from water. The filtration medium consists of a multiple layer of sand with a variety in size and specific gravity. Sand filters can be supplied in different sizes and materials both hand operated and fully automatically.

The area below the water table where all open spaces are filled with water.

The condition of a liquid when it has taken into solution the maximum possible quantity of a given substance.

The precipitate that forms on surfaces in contact with water as the result of a physical or chemical change.

Use of screens to remove coarse floating and suspended solids from sewage.

The removal or reduction of contaminants and BOD of effluent from primary wastewater treatment.

Settling of solid particles in a liquid system due to gravity.

Soil, sand, and minerals washed from land into water, usually after rain.

An aquifer partially confined by soil layers of low permeability through which recharge and discharge can still occur.

A medium that allows water to pass through, but rejects dissolved solids, so that it can be used to separate solids from water.

A sewer system that carries only sanitary sewage; no storm-water runoff. When a sewer is constructed this way, wastewater treatment plants can be sized to treat sanitary wastes only and all of the water entering the plant receives complete treatment at all times.

The isolation of the various compounds in a mixture.

An underground storage tank for wastes from homes not connected to a sewer line. Waste goes directly from the home to the tank.

Those suspended solids in wastewater that will settle over a certain period of time and are removed in that way.

The process of sinking of a substance sinking in water. This occurs when the substance does not dissolve in water and its density is larger than that of water.

Waste fluid in a sewer system.

The introduction of untreated sewage into a water body.

Sludge produced in a public sewer.

The entire system of sewage collection, treatment, and disposal.

A semi-solid residue, containing microorganisms and their products, from any water treatment process.

The removal of calcium and magnesium from water to reduce hardness.

Any water that does not contain large concentrations of the dissolved minerals calcium or magnesium.

Removal of wastewater from a waste or changing it chemically to make it less permeable and susceptible to transport by water.

The amount of mass of a compound that will dissolve in a unit volume of water.

Matter dissolved in a liquid, such as water.

Substance (usually liquid) capable of dissolving one or more other substances.

A device that introduces compressed air into a liquid.

Injection of air below the water table to strip dissolved volatile organic compounds and to facilitate aerobic biodegradation of organic compounds.

Method to estimate the dissolved solid content of a water supply by testing its conductivity.

Ground water seeping out of the earth where the water table exceeds the ground surface.

A method to calculate the rate of fall of particles through a fluid, based on density, viscosity and particle size.

The transitions of water directly from the solid state to the gaseous state, without passing through the liquid state.

The elastic-like force in a body, especially a liquid, tending to minimize, or constrict, the area of the surface.

All water naturally open to the atmosphere, concerning rivers, lakes, reservoirs, ponds, streams, impoundments, seas, estuaries and wetlands.

Solid organic or inorganic particles that are held in suspension in a solution.

The combined action of several chemicals, which produces a total effect greater than the effects of the chemicals separately.